Acknowledgments
ITRC and the Tire Anti-degradants (6PPD) Team express our gratitude to Ken Zarker for being the driving force behind this ITRC team. Ken was a pioneer in the field of pollution prevention and was involved in toxics reduction efforts with the automotive industry for many years. Some of his work at Washington Ecology focused on trying to identify toxics coming from cars that were causing coho mortality or URMS. After that chemical was finally identified as 6PPD-q, Ken encouraged Craig Manahan to submit a proposal for an ITRC team because Ken recognized the importance of sharing this information with other states, tribal nations, and municipalities. We are deeply saddened by his passing, though the legacy of his work lives on.
The ITRC Tire Anti-degradants Team would like to express our gratitude to all who contributed and supported the efforts of the team to create the documents and outreach materials that are now available.
First and foremost, we are grateful for and commend the hard work and dedication of all our active team members. In particular, we want to recognize the efforts of our subgroup leaders, without whom none of this would have been possible. Each one of them took time out from their busy schedules and displayed remarkable leadership during the development of the materials produced by this team.
- José Zambrana and Christine Nancarrow led the Problem Formulation subgroup; the materials they produced morphed into the Introduction of this document.
- Mike Garland and Dana McCue led the subgroup that wrote Section 2: Effects Characterization and Toxicity.
- Rachael Lane and Rhea Smith led the Environmental Assessment Strategies subgroup. Their group produced Section 3: Properties of 6PPD and 6PPD-q; Section 4: Occurrence, Fate, Transport, and Exposure Pathways; and Section 5: Measuring, Mapping, and Modeling.
- Madison Rose Bristol and Sigrida Reinis led the Solutions subgroup; the materials they produced became Section 6: Mitigation Measures and Solutions and Section 7: Policies, Regulations, and Laws.
- Rachael Lane took on double responsibilities. She and Ryann Reents led the development and deployment of the training and outreach.
Our team was fortunate and benefited from the active participation of subject matter experts who are leading the research on the many questions surrounding 6PPD and 6PPD-q. They include Rachael Lane, Rhea Smith, Susan Cormier, Ezra Miller, Lizbeth Seebacher, Mark Jankowski, Allen Brookes, Rich Baldauf, and Denis da Silva. Additionally, Jenifer McIntyre, Caitlin Lawrence, Andrew Patterson, Million Woudneh, Sara Nedrich, Katie Holzer, Brent Pautler, and Justin Greer shared their research with the team and kept us up to date on the latest developments on 6PPD and 6PPD-q. Thanks also go to Jamie McNutt and Sarah Amick, who brought our team up to speed on everything related to tires.
The 6PPD team was exceptionally lucky to have thoughtful and active engagement from our USEPA liaisons and partners. In addition to the subject matter experts from USEPA listed above, we give many thanks to José Zambrana, Kathie Dionisio, and Heather Goss. Their participation markedly improved our deliverables and helped us reach consensus even though the science on 6PPD and 6PPD-q is rapidly evolving.
We would also like to thank Seth Book and Marissa Pauling for providing expertise and guidance on tribal fisheries and treaty rights.
Many thanks to all the contributing authors who are too numerous to name. The documents and our training materials are truly the result of a team effort. Thank you all—you have been wonderful to work with (see the full list of contributing authors below).
Thank you to Craig Manahan and Anne Cooper Doherty. They proposed the 6PPD project to ITRC and initiated the formation of this team.
ITRC staff members Marguerite Bennett, Carolyn Sistare, Evan Madden, and Derick Winn provided critical support throughout the course of the team’s work. Nicole Henderson, project support contractor, was also a helpful resource. ITRC Executive Director Charles Reyes has been incredibly supportive of our team as we navigated the unique challenges of working on a rapidly emerging chemical of concern.
The help and support of the ITRC board has been instrumental. In particular, Claudio Sorrentino, ITRC Board Member and Team Leader Liaison, helped the team leaders set the tone for leading the team and provided guidance to get us through the rough patches. Thank you!
These documents were improved significantly from their initial draft by the many comments received during our internal and external review periods. Special thanks go out to all of those who made comments and suggestions on each of the documents. We also acknowledge the tremendous amount of help and support gathered by the ITRC State Points of Contact during the review stages and state surveys.
Additional thanks go to Heather Stettler for her rigorous technical editing of both the focus sheet and the larger document.
Producing this document and training would not have been possible without the unflagging assistance of our Program Advisor, Steve Brauner. Steve seamlessly stepped in as Program Advisor midway through the team’s life cycle. He got up to speed quickly and jumped right into the project at our fall meeting. In addition to the logistics of running the team, Steve always asked thought-provoking questions that helped firm up the content of our document and training. His thoughtfulness and team-oriented spirit helped to maintain the character of our team, even through difficult team deadlines that often overlapped with deadlines from our “day jobs”. We are tremendously grateful for the work and dedication that Steve has provided the team.
Team Members
State and Local Government
Renee Goentzel
Alaska Department of Transportation
Caitlin Burwell
Arizona Department of Environmental Quality
Anne-Cooper Doherty
California Department of Toxic Substances Control
Claudio Sorrentino
California Department of Toxic Substances Control
Farrukh Ahmad
California Department of Toxic Substances Control
Kelly Grant
California Department of Toxic Substances Control
Vivek Mathrani
California Department of Toxic Substances Control
Michael Garland
California Environmental Protection Agency
Brian Gaboriau
Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment
Shannon Pociu
Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection
Kalyanasundar Balasubramanian
California Department of Toxic Substances Control
Ryann Reents
Illinois Environmental Protection Agency
Crystal Pirozek
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection
Frannie Nilsen
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
Jennie Morgan
Oregon Department of Transportation
Pablo Martos
Oregon Department of Environmental Quality
Tim Barrick
Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection
Sandra Snyder
South Carolina Department of Environmental Services
Keisha Long
South Carolina Department of Environmental Services
Ian McMullen
State of Delaware, DNREC, Division of Water
Justin Meredith
Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation
Stanley Aniagu
Texas Commission on Environmental Quality
Nadine Demers
Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation
William R. Chapman
Virginia Department of Environmental Quality
Cody Nichols
Kansas Department of Health and Environment
Gregory Wilson
Kentucky Department for Environmental Protection
Jared Champagne
Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality
Louise Roy
Maine Department of Environmental Protection
Iver McLeod
Maine Department of Environmental Protection
Miguel Mendez
Massachusetts Department of Public Health
Aubrey Munsell
Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development
Mark Reimann
Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy
Michael Behrens
Nebraska Department of Environment & Energy
Daniel Millemann
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection
Kristina Merola
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection
Adam Hayes
Washington State Department of Ecology
Madison Bristol
Washington State Department of Ecology
Morgan Baker
Washington State Department of Ecology
Douglas Howie
Washington State Department of Ecology
Rhea Smith
Washington State Department of Ecology
Stephanie Gill
Washington State Department of Ecology
Tanya Williams
Washington State Department of Ecology
Samuel Iwenofu
Washington State Department of Ecology
Cassie Horton
Washington State Department of Ecology
Craig Manahan
Washington State Department of Ecology
Elinor Fanning
Washington State Department of Health
Mallory Little
Washington State Department of Health
Tatiana Dreisbach
Washington State Department of Transportation
Tony Bush
Washington State Department of Transportation
City/Local Government
Steve Nelson
City of Austin, Texas
Lanita Walker
City of Tallahassee
Shelly Walther
Los Angeles County Sanitation Districts
Samreen Siddiqui
King County
Lan Wiborg
Orange County Sanitation District
Kim Nimmer
Orange Water and Sewer Authority (OWASA)
River Wan
Pierce County
Federal Government
Denis da Silva
NOAA
Christopher Zevitas
US Department of Transportation
Jacob Klaybor
US Department of Transportation
Emily Richardt
US Department of Transportation
Rachael Lane
US Geological Survey
Patrick Moran
US Geological Survey
Prarthana Shankar
US Geological Survey
Justin Greer
US Geological Survey
Mark Reider
Defense Logistics Agency
Rachel Methvin
US Navy
Natalia Vinas
OSD
Heather Goss
USEPA
Mark Jankowski
USEPA
Michael Hays
USEPA
José Zambrana
USEPA/Office of Research and Development
Denise Rivers
US Army Corps of Engineers
Sarah Thompson
DOE EM-4 Regulatory and Policy Affairs
Alexandra Melnyk
DOE-EM
Marci Smeltz
ORD/CPHEA
Allen Brookes
USEPA
Joseph Martin
USEPA
Katrina Varner
USEPA
Laura Webb
USEPA
Paul Randall
USEPA
Richard Baldauf
USEPA
Susan Cormier
USEPA
Kathie Dionisio
USEPA/Office of Research and Development
Tao Li
USEPA/Office of Research and Development
Georges-Marie Momplaisir
USEPA/ORD/CEMM/WECD/ECB
Public and Tribal Stakeholders
Allan Chartrand
Puget Soundkeeper Alliance
Catherine Harris
Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission
Dianne Barton
Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission
Divinia Ries
Elkhart County, Indiana Community
Ezra Miller
San Francisco Estuary Institute
Jeffrey Short
ITRC Public Stakeholder
Kelsey Payne
Snoqualmie Indian Tribe
Kim Bray
Hoh Indian Tribe
Larry Franks
Friends of the Issaquah Salmon Hatchery
Marissa Paulling
Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission
Page Hingst
Santee Sioux Nation
Sean Dixon
Puget Soundkeeper Alliance
Seth Book
Skokomish Indian Tribe
Academia
Adrian Gale
Benedict College
Katherine von Stackelberg
Harvard Center for Risk Analysis
Steven Becker
University of Alaska Fairbanks
Megan Hart
University of Missouri Kansas City
Seebacher Lizbeth
University of Washington
David Wark
University of Washington Tacoma
Damian Shea
North Carolina State University
Michael Hyman
North Carolina State University
Heidi Siegelbaum
Washington State University
Caitlin Lawrence
Washington State University
Jenifer McIntyre
Washington State University
Emeritus
Michael Murphy
Virginia DEQ
Retired
Andrew Kenefick
Retired
Industry Affiliates
John Norman
American Chemistry Council
Jessica Gattenby
Arcadis
Shannon Dunn
Arcadis
Hope Nemickas
Arcadis
Shalene Thomas
Battelle Memorial Institute
Jana Heisler White
Battelle Memorial Institute
Deepti Nair
Battelle Memorial Institute
Jenna Chaffeur
BBJ Group LLC
Jamie Suski
EA Engineering, Science, Technology, Inc., PBC
Hannah Dennis
EA Engineering, Science, Technology, Inc., PBC
Zachary Spotts
EA Engineering, Science, Technology, Inc., PBC
Jason Paul
ECS Southeast, LLP Raleigh
Paul Ecker
EES Environmental Consulting, Inc.
Chrissy Peterson
EHS Support, LLC
Dana McCue
EHS Support, LLC
Ioana Petrisor
Ensafe, Inc.
Jon Lindberg
Ensafe, Inc.
Patricia McIsaac
Eurofins
Andrew Patterson
Eurofins
Bonnie Janowiak
Groundwater & Environmental Services, Inc.
Kenia Whitehead
GSI Environmental Inc.
Graham Ansell
GSI Environmental Inc.
Sara Hutton
GSI Environmental Inc.
Erica Whiting
Terraphase Engineering, Inc.
Kevin Long
Terraphase Engineering, Inc.
Judd Mahan
Tetra Tech, Inc.
Camarie Perry
ToxStrategies, Inc.
Stephanie Kennedy
ToxStrategies, Inc.
David Feifarek
ToxStrategies, Inc.
Jennifer Bare
ToxStrategies, Inc.
Faith Morse
TRC
Jenny Phillips
TRC
Elizabeth Denly
TRC
Sean Moore
US Tire Manufacturers Association
Kirk Eastham
BBJ Group LLC
Carl Peters
BBJ Group LLC
Ivan Williamson
Burns & McDonnell Engineering Company, Inc
Kathrine Muirhead
Burns & McDonnell Engineering Company, Inc
Heather Lanza
CDM Smith
Patricia Reyes
Clean Harbors Environmental Services
Mahsa Modiri
EA Engineering, Science, Technology, Inc., PBC
Casey Remmer
GSI Environmental Inc.
Zhong Xiong
Haley & Aldrich, Inc.
Mike Ehlebracht
Haley & Aldrich, Inc.
Mark Schroeder
Integral Consulting Inc.
Barrie Selcoe
Jacobs
Jenny Zenobio
Jacobs
Cayla Whiteside
Kennedy/Jenks Consultants
Riz Sarmiento
Langan Engineering and Environmental Services Inc.
Sigrida Reinis
Langan Engineering and Environmental Services Inc.
Troy Gill
Matrix Environmental Services, LLC
Erik Bakkom
Maul Foster & Alongi, Inc.
Christine Nancarrow
Pacific Stormwater
Ryan Thomas
Parsons Corporation
Shuo Yu
Ramboll
Linda Logan
Terraphase Engineering, Inc.
Lisa McIntosh
Terraphase Engineering, Inc.
Tracey Norberg
US Tire Manufacturers Association
Alice England
Verdantas, LLC
Nicole Scroggins
Verdantas, LLC
Ziqi He
Verdantas, LLC
Kelsi Evans
WSP
Heather Gosack
WSP
Stefano Marconetto
WSP Canada Inc.
Pamela Rodgers
WSP
Dora Chiang
WSP USA
Jane Parkin Kullmann
WSP USA
Mark Surette
WSP USA Solutions, Inc.